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绿色化工 8

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Transport and selectivity of indium through polymer inclusion membrane in hydrochloric acid medium

Xiaorong Meng, Conghui Wang, Pan Zhou, Xiaoqiang Xin, Lei Wang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第6期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0950-6

摘要： In the present paper, a polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) containing polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and bis-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (D2EHPA) which was used as extracting agent was used for the recovery of In(III) ions in hydrochloric acid medium. The effects of carrier concentration, feed phase pH, strip phase HCl concentration, temperature on the transport, and the membrane’s stability and thickness were examined. And the conditions for the selective separation of In(III) and Cu(II) were optimized. The results showed that the transport of In(III) across PIM was consistent with the first order kinetics equation, and also it was controlled by both the diffusion of the metal complex in the membrane and the chemical reaction at the interface of the boundary layers. The transport flux ( ) was inversely proportional to the membrane thickness, however, the transport stability improved as the membrane thickness increased. The transport flux of In(III) and Cu(II) was decreased by excessive acidity of feed phase and high concentration of Cl . The selectivity separation coefficient of In(III)/Cu(II) was up to 34.33 when the original concentration of both In(III) and Cu(II) was 80 mg·L as well as the pH of the feed phase and the concentration of Cl in the adjusting context were0.6 and 0.5 mol·L , respectively. Within the range of pH= 1–3, the separation selectivity of In(III)/Cu(II) reached the peak in the case when the Cl concentration was 0.7 mol·L .

关键词： Polymer inclusion membrane     Selective transport     D2EHPA     In(III)     Cu(II)    

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Development of combined coagulation-hydrolysis acidification-dynamic membrane bioreactor system for treatmentof oilfield polymer-flooding wastewater

Xue Shen, Lei Lu, Baoyu Gao, Xing Xu, Qinyan Yue

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1093-8

摘要：

• We created a combined system for treating oilfield polymer-flooding wastewater.

• The system was composed of coagulation, hydrolysis acidification and DMBR.

• Coagulant integrated with demulsifier dominated the removal of crude oil.

• The DMBR proceed efficiently without serious membrane fouling.

关键词： Coagulation     Hydrolysis acidification     Dynamic membrane bioreactor     Polymer flooding    

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Using crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol polymer membrane as a separator in the microbial fuel cell

Yanping HOU, Kaiming LI, Haiping LUO, Guangli LIU, Renduo ZHANG, Bangyu QIN, Shanshan CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第1期   页码 137-143 doi: 10.1007/s11783-013-0534-z

摘要： Separator between anode and cathode is an essential part of the microbial fuel cell (MFC) and its property could significantly influence the system performance. In this study we used polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) polymer membrane crosslinked with sulfosuccinic acid (SSA) as a new separator for the MFC. The highest power density of 759±4 mW·m was obtained when MFC using the PVA membrane crosslinked with 15% of SSA due to its desirable proton conductivity (5.16 × 10 S·cm ). The power density significantly increased to 1106±30?mW·m with a separator-electrode-assembly configuration, which was comparable with glass fiber (1170±46?mW·m ). The coulombic efficiencies of the MFCs with crosslinked PVA membranes ranged from 36.3% to 45.7% at a fix external resistance of 1000 ?. The crosslinked PVA membrane could be a promising alternative to separator materials for constructing practical MFC system.

关键词： microbial fuel cell     crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) membrane     separator material     power generation     coulombic efficiency    

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氢气分离膜研究进展

栾永超,熊亚林,何广利,刘聪敏,李帅

《中国工程科学》 2022年 第24卷 第3期   页码 140-152 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.03.015

摘要：

氢气是重要的工业原料和清洁燃料，氢气分离具有重要的经济和社会价值；膜分离法装置结构简单、转换高效、投资成本低且环境友好，在氢气分离领域应用前景广阔；氢气分离膜的性能是影响氢气分离过程效率的决定性因素，因而氢气分离膜技术研究一直是国内外膜领域的热点方向。本文阐述了氢气分离膜的应用需求、基本机理，系统梳理了致密金属膜、无机多孔膜、金属‒ 有机框架（MOF）膜、有机聚合物膜、混合基质膜的研究进展。研究发现，尽管无机多孔膜、有机聚合物膜、混合基质膜等具有良好的氢气分离纯化性能，但在分布式、小型化的应用场景下的分离性能仍待改进提高；提高钯基金属膜的抗毒化性能、优化膜的性价比，是促进工业应用的有效手段；整合无机多孔膜、MOF膜的优点，可促进分子筛分机制膜的性能跃升；有机聚合物膜的耐温、机械等性能仍需提高；对现有高分子膜材料进行改性、制备高分子合金，是开发新型气体分离膜的重要方向；混合基质膜在进行可控调节排布后，将显著提高膜性能。多种氢气分离膜的研究和应用，支撑了氢气分离纯化过程的发展，在材料种类丰富、制备工艺进步后将发挥更大的工程价值。

关键词： 氢气分离膜；致密金属膜；无机多孔膜；金属‒ 有机框架膜；有机聚合物膜；混合基质膜；氢气纯化    

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annealing synthesis of double-shell truncated octahedral Pt-Ni alloys for oxygen reduction reaction of polymerelectrolyte membrane fuel cells

Xiashuang LUO, Yangge GUO, Hongru ZHOU, Huan REN, Shuiyun SHEN, Guanghua WEI, Junliang ZHANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第4期   页码 767-777 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0667-2

摘要： Shape-controlled Pt-Ni alloys usually offer an exceptional electrocatalytic activity toward the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs), whose tricks lie in well-designed structures and surface morphologies. In this paper, a novel synthesis of truncated octahedral PtNi alloy catalysts that consist of homogeneous Pt-Ni alloy cores enclosed by NiO-Pt double shells through thermally annealing defective heterogeneous PtNi alloys is reported. By tracking the evolution of both compositions and morphologies, the outward segregation of both PtO and NiO are first observed in Pt-Ni alloys. It is speculated that the diffusion of low-coordination atoms results in the formation of an energetically favorable truncated octahedron while the outward segregation of oxides leads to the formation of NiO-Pt double shells. It is very attractive that after gently removing the NiO outer shell, the dealloyed truncated octahedral core-shell structure demonstrates a greatly enhanced ORR activity. The as-obtained truncated octahedral Pt Ni core-shell alloy presents a 3.4-folds mass-specific activity of that for unannealed sample, and its activity preserves 45.4% after 30000 potential cycles of accelerated degradation test (ADT). The peak power density of the dealloyed truncated octahedral Pt Ni core-shell alloy catalyst based membrane electrolyte assembly (MEA) reaches 679.8 mW/cm , increased by 138.4 mW/cm relative to that based on commercial Pt/C.

关键词： dealloyed Pt-Ni alloys     truncated octahedron     double-shell     thermal annealing     oxygen reduction reaction (ORR)    

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microstructure and properties of PES/SPSf loose nanofiltration membranes using SPES as a hydrophilic polymer

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1555-1567 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2338-4

摘要： Herein, polyethersulfone (PES) and sulfonated polysulfone (SPSf) blend membranes were prepared with addition of sulfonated polyethersulfone (SPES) as a hydrophilic polymer and adipic acid as a porogen via non-solvent induced phase separation method for effective fractionation of dyes based on the influence of steric hindrance and charge effect. Raman spectroscopy and molecular dynamic simulation modeling confirmed that hydrogen bonds between PES, SPSf, SPES, and adipic acid were crucial to membrane formation and spatial arrangement. Further addition of hydrophilic SPES resulted in a membrane with reduced pore size and molecular weight cut-off as well as amplified negative charge and pure water permeance. During separation, the blend membranes exhibited higher rejection rates for nine types of small molecular weight (269.3–800 Da) dyes than for neutral polyethylene glycol molecules (200–1000 Da). This was attributed to the size effect and the synergistic effect between steric hindrance and charge repulsion. Notably, the synergistic impact decreased with dye molecular weight, while greater membrane negative charge enhanced small molecular dye rejection. Ideal operational stability and anti-fouling performance were best observed in M2 (PES/SPSf/SPES, 3.1 wt %). Summarily, this study demonstrates that SPES with –SO3‒ functional groups can be applied to control the microstructure and separation of membranes.

关键词： adipic acid     loose nanofiltration membrane     dye/salt selective separation     steric hindrance     charge effect    

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Formation of microporous polymeric membranes via thermally induced phase separation: A review

Min Liu,Shenghui Liu,Zhenliang Xu,Yongming Wei,Hu Yang

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第1期   页码 57-75 doi: 10.1007/s11705-016-1561-7

摘要： A review of recent research related to microporous polymeric membranes formed via thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) and the morphologies of these membranes is presented. A summary of polymers and suitable diluents that can be used to prepare these microporous membranes via TIPS are summarized. The effects of different kinds of polymer materials, diluent types, cooling conditions, extractants and additive agents on the morphology and performance of TIPS membranes are also discussed. Finally new developments in TIPS technology are summarized.

关键词： polymer     microporous membrane     thermally induced phase separation    

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Organic conjugated polymers and polymer dots as photocatalysts for hydrogen production

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第1期   页码 667-677 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0767-7

摘要： Owing to the outstanding characteristics of tailorable electronic and optical properties, semiconducting polymers have attracted considerable attention in recent years. Among them, organic polymer dots process large breadth of potential synthetic diversity are the representative of photocatalysts for hydrogen production, which presents both an opportunity and a challenge. In this mini-review, first, the organic polymer photocatalysts were introduced. Then, recent reports on polymer dots which showed a superior photocatalytic activity and a robust stability under visible-light irradiation, for hydrogen production were summarized. Finally, challenges and outlook on using organic polymer dots-based photocatalysts from hydrogen production were discussed.

关键词： polymer dots (Pdots)     photocatalysis     hydrogen production    

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Detection of void and metallic inclusion in 2D piezoelectric cantilever beam using impedance measurements

S. SAMANTA, S. S. NANTHAKUMAR, R. K. ANNABATTULA, X. ZHUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2019年 第13卷 第3期   页码 542-556 doi: 10.1007/s11709-018-0496-0

摘要： The aim of current work is to improve the existing inverse methodology of void-detection based on a target impedance curve, leading to quick-prediction of the parameters of single circular void. In this work, mode-shape dependent shifting phenomenon of peaks of impedance curve with change in void location has been analyzed. A number of initial guesses followed by an iterative optimization algorithm based on univariate method has been used to solve the problem. In each iteration starting from each initial guess, the difference between the computationally obtained impedance curve and the target impedance curve has been reduced. This methodology has been extended to detect single circular metallic inclusion in 2D piezoelectric cantilever beam. A good accuracy level was observed for detection of flaw radius and flaw-location along beam-length, but not the precise location along beam-width.

关键词： piezoelectricity     impedance curve     mode shapes     inverse problem     flaw detection     curve shifting    

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Beta-cyclodextrin adsorbents to remove water pollutants—a commentary

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第9期   页码 1407-1423 doi: 10.1007/s11705-022-2146-2

摘要： Beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbent is a promising adsorbent because it has unique characteristics and able to form host-guest complexes with various organic compounds. Adsorption using beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbent has continuously improved by various preparation strategies and crosslinking agents. This commentary aims to highlight the preparation strategies, properties, and adsorption mechanisms of beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents. The adsorbents can be generally classified according to the preparation methods and display high adsorption capacity especially for dyes. Particularly, composite/nanocomposite beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents exhibit outstanding adsorption capacity even though the surface area is lower than that of porous and magnetic beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents. The beta-cyclodextrin/chitosan functionalized graphene oxide hydrogel with specific surface of 17.6 m2·g–1 yields an extraordinarily maximum adsorption capacity of 1499 mg·g–1 methylene blue, while beta-cyclodextrin/chitosan modified with iron(II, III) oxide nanoparticles displays a much greater maximum adsorption capacity at 2780 mg·g–1. The hydrophobic interaction, functional groups, hydrogen bonding, and electrostatic interaction govern the adsorption to a greater capacity. Although this commentary is not exhaustive, the preparation strategies and illustrated mechanisms provide useful insights into the adsorbent–adsorbate interactions, cost-effective analysis, challenges, and future directions of beta-cyclodextrin-based adsorbents in wastewater treatment.

关键词： beta-cyclodextrin adsorbent     adsorption     inclusion complex     mechanism     water pollutant     wastewater treatment    

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Accelerated life-time test of MEA durability under vehicle operating conditions in PEM fuel cell

Tian TIAN, Jianjun TANG, Wei GUO, Mu PAN

《能源前沿（英文）》 2017年 第11卷 第3期   页码 326-333 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0489-z

摘要： In this paper, a novel accelerated test method was proposed to analyze the durability of MEA, considering the actual operation of the fuel cell vehicle. The proposed method includes 7 working conditions: open circuit voltage (OCV), idling, rated output, overload, idling-rated cycle, idling-overload cycle, and OCV-idling cycle. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can effectively destroy the MEA in a short time (165 h). Moreover, the degradation mechanism of MEA was analyzed by measuring the polarization curve, CV, SEM and TEM. This paper may provide a new research direction for improving the durability of fuel cell.

关键词： polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell     accelerated life-time test     load cycling test     durability    

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Construction of interfacial dynamic bonds for high performance lignin/polymer biocomposites

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第10期   页码 1372-1388 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2302-3

摘要： Lignin is the largest natural aromatic biopolymer, but usually treated as industrial biomass waste. The development of lignin/polymer biocomposites can promote the high value utilization of lignin and the greening of polymers. However, the weak interfacial interaction between industrial lignin and polymer induces poor compatibility and serious agglomeration in polymer owing to the strong intermolecular force of lignin. As such, it is extremely difficult to prepare high performance lignin/polymer biocomposites. Recently, we proposed the strategy of in situ construction of interfacial dynamic bonds in lignin/polymer composites. By taking advantage of the abundant oxygen-containing polar groups of lignin, we inserted dynamic bonding connection such as hydrogen bonds and coordination bonds into the interphase between lignin and the polymer matrix to improve the interfacial interactions. Meanwhile, the natural amphiphilic structure characteristics of lignin were utilized to construct the hierarchical nanophase separation structure in lignin/polymer composites. The persistent problems of poor dispersity and interfacial compatibility of lignin in the polymer matrix were effectively solved. The lignin-modified polymer composites achieved simultaneously enhanced strength and toughness. This concise review systematically summarized the recent research progress of our group toward building high-performance lignin/polymer biocomposites through the design of interfacial dynamic bonds (hydrogen bonds, coordination bonds, and dynamic covalent bonds) between lignin and different polymer systems (polar plastics, rubber, polyurethane, hydrogels, and other polymers). Finally, the future development direction, main challenges, and potential solutions of lignin application in polymers were presented.

关键词： lignin     polymer     interfacial dynamic bonds    

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Effect of polymer structures on electro-optical properties of polymer stabilized liquid crystal films

WANG Shoulian, HE Jie, ZENG Yu, YAN Bin, WANG Yinghan

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2008年 第2卷 第3期   页码 265-268 doi: 10.1007/s11705-008-0054-8

摘要： The polymer stabilized liquid crystal (PSLC) film is a relatively novel electro-optical material, which is generally obtained by dissolving a small amount of a bifunctional photoreactive monomer in a low molecular mass liquid crystal. In this paper, the PSLC films were prepared with photoreactive biphenyl methacrylate monomers by photopolymerization induced phase separation. The effects of liquid crystal concentration, curing time, monomer structures and alignment layer on the electro-optical properties of PSLC films were investigated. The results show that the transmittance in the OFF state () increased with the liquid crystal concentration, but the driving voltage decreased. was also influenced by the curing time. Furthermore, when polyimide was used as alignment layer, the films prepared from the bifunctional monomer shows a higher T, while those from the single functional monomer exhibited a deformed electro-optical curve due to the unsteady polymer networks.
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Deformation analysis of shape memory polymer for morphing wing skin under airflow

Weilong YIN, Jingcang LIU, Jinsong LENG,

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2009年 第4卷 第4期   页码 447-449 doi: 10.1007/s11465-009-0062-5

摘要： The method for analyzing the out-of-plane deformation of a flexible skin under airflow is developed in this paper. The aerodynamic analysis is performed using the CFD software, and the structural analysis is performed using finite element method. The chief aim of the present study is to investigate the out-of-plane deformation of the shape memory polymer (SMP) skin at different temperatures. Numerical results show that the maximum out-of-plane displacement of the SMP skin increases with increasing temperature. When the SMP skin is heated to 53°C, the maximum out-of-plane displacement is about 7 mm. It decreases by 72%, when the SMP skin is applied with a uniform pre-strain of 0.1.

关键词： aircraft     morphing     skin     shape memory polymer (SMP)     deformation     pre-strain    

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Fracture model for the prediction of the electrical percolation threshold in CNTs/Polymer composites

Yang SHEN, Pengfei HE, Xiaoying ZHUANG

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第1期   页码 125-136 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0396-8

摘要： In this paper, we propose a 3D stochastic model to predict the percolation threshold and the effective electric conductivity of CNTs/Polymer composites. We consider the tunneling effect in our model so that the unrealistic interpenetration can be avoided in the identification of the conductive paths between the CNTs inside the polymer. The results are shown to be in good agreement with reported experimental data.

关键词： electrical percolation     CNTs/Polymer composites     fracture model     electric conductivity     tunnelling effects    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Transport and selectivity of indium through polymer inclusion membrane in hydrochloric acid medium

Xiaorong Meng, Conghui Wang, Pan Zhou, Xiaoqiang Xin, Lei Wang

期刊论文

Development of combined coagulation-hydrolysis acidification-dynamic membrane bioreactor system for treatmentof oilfield polymer-flooding wastewater

Xue Shen, Lei Lu, Baoyu Gao, Xing Xu, Qinyan Yue

期刊论文

Using crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol polymer membrane as a separator in the microbial fuel cell

Yanping HOU, Kaiming LI, Haiping LUO, Guangli LIU, Renduo ZHANG, Bangyu QIN, Shanshan CHEN

期刊论文

氢气分离膜研究进展

栾永超,熊亚林,何广利,刘聪敏,李帅

期刊论文

annealing synthesis of double-shell truncated octahedral Pt-Ni alloys for oxygen reduction reaction of polymerelectrolyte membrane fuel cells

Xiashuang LUO, Yangge GUO, Hongru ZHOU, Huan REN, Shuiyun SHEN, Guanghua WEI, Junliang ZHANG

期刊论文

microstructure and properties of PES/SPSf loose nanofiltration membranes using SPES as a hydrophilic polymer

期刊论文

Formation of microporous polymeric membranes via thermally induced phase separation: A review

Min Liu,Shenghui Liu,Zhenliang Xu,Yongming Wei,Hu Yang

期刊论文

Organic conjugated polymers and polymer dots as photocatalysts for hydrogen production

期刊论文

Detection of void and metallic inclusion in 2D piezoelectric cantilever beam using impedance measurements

S. SAMANTA, S. S. NANTHAKUMAR, R. K. ANNABATTULA, X. ZHUANG

期刊论文

Beta-cyclodextrin adsorbents to remove water pollutants—a commentary

期刊论文

Accelerated life-time test of MEA durability under vehicle operating conditions in PEM fuel cell

Tian TIAN, Jianjun TANG, Wei GUO, Mu PAN

期刊论文

Construction of interfacial dynamic bonds for high performance lignin/polymer biocomposites

期刊论文

Effect of polymer structures on electro-optical properties of polymer stabilized liquid crystal films

WANG Shoulian, HE Jie, ZENG Yu, YAN Bin, WANG Yinghan

期刊论文

Deformation analysis of shape memory polymer for morphing wing skin under airflow

Weilong YIN, Jingcang LIU, Jinsong LENG,

期刊论文

Fracture model for the prediction of the electrical percolation threshold in CNTs/Polymer composites

Yang SHEN, Pengfei HE, Xiaoying ZHUANG

期刊论文